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__NOTOC__ Mount Pleasant is a historic mansion in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, atop cliffs overlooking the Schuylkill River. It was built about 1761-62 in what was then the countryside outside the city by John Macpherson and his wife Margaret. Macpherson was a privateer, or perhaps a pirate, who had had "an arm twice shot off" according to John Adams. He named the house "Clunie" after the ancient seat of his family's clan in Scotland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Mount Pleasant. )〕 The builder-architect was Thomas Nevell (1721–1797), an apprentice of Edmund Woolley, who built Independence Hall. The house is administered by the Philadelphia Museum of Art in Fairmount Park.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Fairmount Park Houses: Mount Pleasant. )〕 It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1974.〔〔 and 〕 ==Architecture and history== The Georgian mansion has an entrance topped by a pediment supported by Doric columns.〔(Mount Pleasant :: gophila.com – The Official Visitor Site for Greater Philadelphia )〕 A balustrade crowns the roof which also has prominent dormers and two large chimneys. Two small symmetrical pavilions flank the main house, an office and a summer kitchen. All are adorned with brick quoins. John Adams visited the mansion in 1775 and called it "the most elegant seat in Pennsylvania." The interiors contain the original paneling with ornamental carving, and still show the "elegance of the lifestyle of colonial elites," as well as souvenirs of Macpherson's life and times and period furniture by craftsmen such as Martin Jugiez. The furniture is from the collections of the Philadelphia Museum of Art.〔(Mount Pleasant ), Philadelphia Museum of Art. Accessed May 22, 2012.〕 Mount Pleasant was also home to Benedict Arnold and his wife Peggy Shippen. Arnold purchased the mansion on March 22, 1779 for his new bride, and specifically made the property over to her ownership and that of their future children. The couple occupied the mansion as their country estate in 1779 and 1780; Arnold's defection to the British in September 1780 ended their use of the estate.〔New York Times, June 7, 1896〕 In 1792, the mansion was purchased by Jonathan Williams, first superintendent of West Point and grandnephew of Benjamin Franklin. He lived there intermittently until his death in 1815, and his children sold the estate to Fairmount Park. The structure was restored in 1926 by the Philadelphia Museum of Art. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mount Pleasant (mansion)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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